Riveting-machine.



M. sKLovsKY & G. W.`M1XTBR.

RIVBTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1912.

Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS C0.. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D.

maiTED sTArEs infiriiiviv OFFICE.

MAX SKLOVSKY AND GEORGE W. MIXIER, 0F MOLINE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS T0 lDIEElltE` & COMPANY, 0F `IVIOLINIE, ILLINOIS, `A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

RIVETING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

i Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

Original application led July 18, 1906, Serial No. 326,683. Divided and this application filed April 15,

' 1912. seriaiNo. 690,991.y

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, MAX SKLovsKY and GEORGE W. MIXTER, citizens of the United States, residing at Moline, in the county of Rock Island and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Riveting-Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing. Our invention relates to riveting machines and is especially adapted for upsetting the headof a bolt or rivet which is provided with a nut at its other end. 4

The objects of our invention are to provide a riveting machine with improved pneumatically actuated' means for reciprocating the hammer, with improved valve mechanism and with improved means for rotating the hammer as it is reciprocated.

Other objects will appear from the fol-IV lowing specificati'on and claims.

In the accompanying drawings. which form a part of this specii'ication we have shown a machine embodying our invention ladapted for upsetting the head of a bolt. Means are shown Lorsimultaneously turning the bolt as the head`- is riveted, butwev do not herein claim broadly the combination oit' riveting means and of nut` tightening means, as this is claimed in our copending yapplication for combined metal working machines, Serial No. 326,683, iiled July 18, 1906, of which this` application constitutes a division.

Our present invention relates solely to the riveting mechanism which may be used in the manner illustrated in the drawings or in any desired way. y

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a machine embodying our improvements. Fig. 2 is a front viewof the machine. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the riveting machine drawn on a larger scale .than the views vthus far 'described. Fig. 4 is a top kplan view of the valve `device of the hammer or riveting mechanism. Fig. 5 is afcentral vertical section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig.

shaft that operates the valve of the hammer or riveting mechanism. Fig. 8.is a transverse section on'the line 8-8 of Fig. 3.

In the drawings, the riveting machine is shown as secured in place by suitable clamping or Aholding means 23 upon a platform or frame part 3.

Vehafve represented the machine as beingk `used to upset the head of a bolt b having a nut a., thebolt and nut serving to hold together two parts such vas a metal-plate C,

which may be a plow-share, `and a wooden beam D.

15 is a wrench in engagement with the nut a and, ifl desired, torque may be applied to j the wrench by power or by hand to hold it tight while the head of the bolt is being upset. l

16 is a support for'tlie parts to be riveted together; l

The frame or casing of the riveting tool` vor mechanism consists essentiallyy of two parts secured togetherl by bolts 24:, or otherwise, the upperpart Q5 `beingy constructed to receive and support the reciprocating ham` mer or upsetting tool 26, and the lowerlpart i 27 to receive and support the movable ele ment of the valve mechanism.

The upper member 25 of the casing of the pneumatic riveting tool is formed with `a central axially-disposed chamber 2,8,in which isA secured a cylinder 3() that constitutes the" Working cylinder of the riveting tool or engine.

The hammer or tool 26 is mounted in a sleeve or bushing 31 secured in the"` upper portion of vthe member 25 and by l which it is guided and directed in its movements. It isprovidedat its inner end with f a head or piston that fits the cylinder' 30 and moves therein, its opposite ends or faces`r` being alternately acted upon by the motor of'fthe reciprocating tool `-or hammer is yof relatively large diameter and is preferablyL hollow, as indicated at 48, in order thatthe' effective areas of the oppositefaces of ythe piston, against whichthe motor Huid alterf nately acts, maybe widely different, that oi, theupper side'of the piston being the relaiooy tively small annulary face surrounding the large stem, while the opposite surface against which the motor fluid actsto force the tool outward to strike the blow, is of an area practically equal to the cross-area of the piston head.

The cylinder 30 is preferably provided at its lower or inner end with a head 33 occupying a recess or chamber 34 in the upper end of the casing member 27. This head is formed with an Loutward-extending flange 35, perforated at suitable intervals to permit the passage of the screws or bolts 36 whichl serve to securely unite the cylinder and its head with the upper member of the f pneumatic hammer casing. Through the head 33 there are formed two sets of apertures 37, 38, which are preferably arranged concentric with the axis of the cylinder 30. The apertures 37 of one set communicate with chambers or ducts 39 for the Imotor `fluid formed in the body :of the upper casing member 25, while the lapertures or ducts 3b of the other set communicate with the interior of the cylinder 30. The motor fluid for operating the pneu-f matic hammer is conducted thereto through;

` a pipe 40, and passage 29, the latter communicating with one of the motor fluid chambers 39. The chambers 39 communicate with i each other at 'their upper and lower"endsthey being separated merely for structural v. purposes-so that the motor vfluid can freely act upon the head or piston of the riveting tool `26. vIn'the upper face of the head 33 there is formed an annular groove or channel 41 that serves as a communication between the -several ducts or apertures 6 37 as` well as between the lower ends of the several chambers 39. v

In the lower casing member 27 there is formed a second chamber 42 directly below the chamber 34, communicating therewith, and .preferably of smaller diameter. In this latter chamber there is situated thevalve 43 thatcontrols the admission and exhaust of the motor fluid to and from the workingcyl- .inder 3 0. This'v-alve is of cylindrical disk shape, fits within the recess `on chamber 42 closely, and is held against the lower face of the head 33 containing the motor fluidducts 37 Aand 38. Extending through the valve are the apertures 44, which preferably at their` lower'endsenter an annular groove or channel 45 formed Iin the face of `the valve and serving as the means ofconimunication be-" tween the several apertures or ducts. There. are as many of these apertures or ducts pas.. there are ducts or apertures 38 in the head' 33, and they are so disposed that `when theV valve is in suitable .positionl the ducts of one set vregister with those of the other. There is also formed a channel orgroove 46 in the upper face of the valve, from which lead.

short radially-disposed ducts or channels `47 extending toward the center of the valve, each arranged midway between a pair of apertures 44, as clearly represented in Fig. 4.

The manner of operating the pneumatic adjusted to lthe position indicated in F ig. 3,

that is with the radially-disposed ducts 47 opposite the lower open ends of the apertures 38, the motor fluid entering the chambers 39 passes therefrom through the ducts or apertures 37 into the channel 46 `in the upper face of the valve and from there it passes through the ducts 47 to the apertures '38 by which it is led into the cylinder 30 below the piston or head of the hammer or riveting to'ol. This causes the latter to be forced upward -into the position indicated in EFigs. l and 3, that is into position to *strike a blow. At the same time the motor fluid is acting upon the upper exposed face of the piston, but as the area of this is so much less than that ofthe opposite or lower face the effect is but slight and may be -neglected. A fter the tool has been advanced to Estrike a blow the valve is adjusted to bring lthe upper ends of the apertures or ducts 44 ltherein `opposite to the lower open 'ends of 1the ducts` 38, and as the ducts 44 communic'ate with the exhaust the result is that the linterior 'of the cylinder 30 is connected with fthe exhaust and at the same time cut off lfrom the motor fluid supply. The hammer iis, retracted, its head 32 moving downward into the cylinder 30 by reason of the action of the motor fluid upon the annular up )er ace of the piston. It will -be observed that lthe apertures or ducts 38 open into the cylinder 3 0 Aat -some 'distance above its lower end, so that when the hammer is moved inward its piston closes the inner ports of the air ducts before the end of the ,piston head reaches the lower e'nd of the cylinder, thereby forming an air cushion that prevents disastrous shocks to the apparatus. The piston is vnot packed and hence does not fit the cylinder air-tight, so that when the motor fluid pressure is admitted to the ducts 38 there is sufficient leakage past. the piston to start its upward movement, slowly at first, but after the inner ports ofthe ducts 38 are uncovered, admitting the full force of the motor fluid to the inner end of the piston with increasing speed land force.

In order to effect the movement of the valve 43 we prefer vto employ the following instrumentali'ties: 49 is a shaft mounted in thelower casing member 27 and provided at its upper'end with a cross-head 50 that is adapted to engage with the valve, the latter being providedwith a recess 5l inits lower face to receive such cross-head. The cross- 4head is held in close engagement with the valve, Yand jt'he latter in turn tightly against the under face of rthe head 33, by a coiled i lhammer can now be stated. If the valve be on a suitable driving shaft 57. Through this train of gearing the valve is rotated. f A duct or passage 58 extends axially through the shaft 49 and constitutes theexhaust passage for the motor fluid. lThe course of the exhaust from the cylinder 30 is through thev ducts 38 and 44 into the channel 45 which opens into the recess 42 in which extends the end of the shaft 49. From this chamber the spent motor fluid passes freely into the open through the duct 58.

The valve 43 is provided at its upper side with a screw-threaded socket 59 into which is screwed a post 60 that extends upward axially through the cylinder 30. The post is provided with one or more longitudinal grooves 6l into which extend pins 62 rigidly secured to the hammer or reciprocating tool 26. As the post GOis secured fast to the valve, and is connected, as described, with the hammer, it follows that While the latter is free to reciprocate it is caused to rotate with the valve, with the result that the striking end of the head of the hammer is presented to the rivet or work being acted upon at different angular relations at the moments of delivering successive blows.

As the shaft 57 may be constantly or intermittently driven as desired, we have not deemed it necessary toshow the connections of the driving mechanism therefor.

In practice, the shaft 49 is caused to make about sixty revolutions per minute and, as there are twelve apertures 44 in the valve and a like number of apertures 38 in the head 33, it follows that there will be approxi mately seven hundred reciprocations of the hammer per minute when the parts are run at the speed stated. y

. That we claim is: v

l. In a machine for riveting or upsetting the end of a bolt, the combination of a rei ciprocating tool, a piston` carrying said tool, a cylinder in which the piston is mounted, a rotary valve for controlling` the admission of the motor fluid for reciprocating the tool, and a connection between the valve and the tool whereby the latter is rotated with the valve, substantially as set forth.

2. In a riveting machine, the combination of'a reciprocating tool, a pistonv carrying said tool, a cylinder in which the piston is mounted, valve-mechanism for controlling the admission and exhaust of motive Huid to and from said cylinder, and connecting means between the valve-mechanism and the tool, whereby the `movement of the valve-mechanism rotates the tool, substantially as set forth.

3. In a riveting machine, the combination y of a reciprocating tool, a piston carrying saidltool, a cylinder in which the piston` is mounted, a valve for controlling the admission andrexhaust ofmotive fluid to and from saidv cylinder arranged at one end thereof, means for rotating said valve, and telescoping connections'between the piston and valve whereby the rotation of the latter effects the rotation of the tool during its reciprocations, substantially as set forth.

y4. In a riveting machine, the combination of ay cylinder, a reciprocating tool having a piston operating in the said cylinder, permanently open ducts for supplying an elastic fiuid pressure agent to one side of the piston to continually tend to move it in one direction, and means operable independently of the reciprocations of the tool for inter- -mittently supplying an elastic fluid pressurev agent to the other side of the piston to cause it to be successively` moved first in one direc-y tion in opposition to the action of the elastic pressure agent on the first said side, and then in other direction under the influence of the pressure agent on the first said side.

5. In a riveting machine, the combination of a cylinder, a reciprocating tool havinga piston `operating in the said cylinder, the effective area of one side of the piston being greater than the eective area of the other side, a single fluid pressure agent supply means, permanently open ducts for connecting the said pressure agent supply means to the side of the piston having the smaller eective area, and means operable independently of the reciprocations of the tool for intermittently connecting the said pressure agent supply means to the side of the piston having the larger effective area whereby the piston is caused to move successively first in one'directiony under the influence of the pressure agent on the larger side in opposition to the pressure agent on the smaller side and then in the other direction under the infiuence of the pressure agent on the smaller side.

6. In a riveting machine, the combination of a cylinder, a reciprocating tool having a piston operating in the cylinder, a fluid pressurek agent supply means, a plurality of pairs of ducts arranged in an annular series about the axis of the cylinder, one duct of each pair communicating at one end with the interior of the cylinder and the other duct of each pair communicating at one end with the said pressure agent supply means, and a rotary valve having parts arranged to successively connect the first said duct of each pair with the second said duct and with the atmosphere.

7. In a riveting machine, the combination of a cylinder, a reciprocating tool having a piston operating in the cylinder', ay frame supporting'the cylinder and having an annular recess surrounding the cylinder, the.i ln testimony whereof We affix our vsgnarecess being permanently 'connected at one(` tunes, in presenceof two Witnesses.

end to the cylinder lat; one scleof theupston, MAX SKLOVSKY and mea-ns lor lntermlttently con-nectmg the f GEORGE W MIXTER recess with the interior of the cylinder at the opposite side of the piston at points 'n a f lWfbnessesf: plurality of circ'umfeentwllly separated ALFRED P. WEBSTER, lradial planes. LILLI-AN V. SKOGH.

Copies df this patent may Ybe -ob'tain'ed for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

`Washington, D. G. 

